How to measure flour properly for bread baking?

Accurate flour measuring for reliable bread

Measuring flour accurately is one of the most important steps for consistent bread results. Weighing by grams is the most precise method; volume measurements (cups) vary widely depending on how flour is scooped.

Best practices:

  • Use a kitchen scale: Weigh flour directly in the mixing bowl or a container. Common reference: 1 cup all-purpose flour ≈ 120–125 g, 1 cup bread flour ≈ 130 g (varies by brand).
  • If using cups: Fluff the flour, spoon it into the cup lightly, and level with a flat edge—don’t scoop with the measuring cup.

Why weight matters:

  • Flour density varies with humidity, brand, and how it’s packed. Using weight ensures consistent hydration ratios and predictable dough consistency.
  • Dough hydration is expressed as a percentage of flour weight (baker’s percentage); scaling recipes and substitutions is accurate when using weight.

Practical tips:

  • Keep notes on your preferred flour weights for conversions.
  • Zero (tare) the scale between additions for clean workflow.
  • For small recipes, measure out flour by weight in advance to speed mixing.

Adopting weighing as standard practice dramatically improves repeatability and makes scaling and tweaking recipes far more reliable.